This review examines the extent to which the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people are provided for in law across a range of small island developing states, along with the record on implementation and enforcement, and the approaches used to promote rights and inclusion. It covers states in the Caribbean, the Pacific, and the Atlantic, Indian Ocean and South China Sea regions.

The review draws on grey literature from international development agencies and non-government organisations, academic literature and media reports. Information on the legal situation of LGBT people in these states proved readily available, but there was far less evidence on programmes or approaches to promote rights and inclusion. The review does identify a number of reports containing recommendations for international development cooperation on LGBT issues more generally.